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上万字!中俄联合声明重量级要点逐章节看,图们江出海口只是其一_我的网站

A | Fighting was reported in the town of Kanyabusoro in Rutshuru Territory on Thursday between M23 and DR Congo armed forces (FARDC), according to Agence France-Presse. The city that sits on the border with Rwanda and was seized by M23 last week,A day prior, a “ceasefire” had been announced by Angolan President Joao Lourenco after he invited his Congolese and Rwandan counterparts to Luanda for peace talks. The previous six weeks have seen both nations threaten war and accuse each other of sponsoring proxy forces in Congo’s North Kivu Province.,"We are Congolese, not Rwandans. If there is a ceasefire, it can only be between us and the Congolese government," Willy Ngoma, spokesman for the M23, told AFP on Thursday. He denied the M23 was responsible for the firefight, claiming FARDC had fired on them first.,Congolese President Felix Tshisekedi has accused Rwandan President Paul Kagame, a Tutsi, of sponsoring the predominantly Tutsi M23 group - accusations somewhat supported by a United Nations report but which Kagame’s government has long denied.,The Wednesday agreement overseen by Lourenco established a new “roadmap” to stabilizing Congo-Rwanda relations as well as the North Kivu area, including reviving a long-dormant Congo-Rwanda commission in Luanda, which had been created in the early 21st century to end the fighting of the previous war.,According to the text of the roadmap printed by the Rwanda New Times on Thursday, the deal requires the M23 to cease hostilities and withdraw immediately “from occupied positions.” It also requires both governments to “defeat” the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR) and its many splinter groups “which are at the origin of tensions between Rwanda and DRC and play a major role in the insecurity of the DRC.”,The FDLR militia is a Hutu Power group in North Kivu descended from those responsible for the 1994 genocide of Rwandan Tutsis and Twa, and Kigali has accused Kinshasa of cooperating with it.The Project on Violent Conflict, a US Department of Homeland Security-funded project, has substantiated some of those allegations, writing that “the relationship between the FARDC and the FDLR oscillates between open conflict and covert cooperation.”,"This roadmap does not commit the M23," Ngoma told AFP in Goma, a city on the border with Rwanda. "We are Congolese, we have nothing to do with Rwanda. We are asked to leave here, but to go where? It is impossible.”,The M23 also originated in the Congo Wars, but demobilized in 2013 following a deal with Kinshasa. However, the group once again took up arms late last year, claiming the government had not kept its end of the deal.,Speaking to the state-owned France24 on Monday, two days before the Luanda deal was reached, Ben Shepherd, a leading specialist on DR Congo and the Great Lakes Region from the London-based Chatham House, said it was unlikely the present situation would actually result in open warfare between Kinshasa and Kigali.,“But the stakes are high. Beyond the tragic consequences for the people of eastern DR Congo, which should never be underestimated, there are real possibilities for inadvertent escalation. The last round of violence between the M23 and DR Congo was ended by a SADC [Southern African Development Community]-led intervention; this time round, the EAC [East African Community] is proposing an intervention force, despite Rwanda itself being an EAC member state, and southern Africa’s heavyweights, notably Angola and South Africa, still having significant stakes in the game,” he said.,“It is imperative that DR Congo does not become once again a battleground for competing geo-political aspirations, but this will take careful diplomacy,” he added.。

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F | 航天合作,提到了国际月球科研站的建设,以及深空探测领域,提到了“北斗”卫星和“格洛纳斯”卫星导航系统的应用合作。

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H | 那么和这一项同在一个自然段的,还有共同开发黑瞎子岛,加快协商中俄船只在黑瞎子岛地区周围水域航行的政府间协议。

I | 这部分内容十分丰富,应该是实打实的硬核的外交成果。

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K | 那么在这里列举了双方商定的,一共13项人文合作的内容,包括教育的、科技的、文艺演出、博物馆、图书馆、文化遗产,包括电影、体育、旅游、媒体等方面的合作。当然这里头,还有一些相对来说冷门,但也很重要的东西。比如说开展传染病防治,本土及跨境传播卫生领域合作,维护两国生物领域国家主权。再比如说,支持档案部门开展合作,包括交流先进工作经验和档案信息。

L | 讲到了在上合组织,在金砖国家当中的合作。特别提到了双方将推动,提升金砖国家在国际舞台的协作水平,包括加强金砖国家间贸易、数字经济、公共卫生领域的合作。同时有效推动金砖国家间贸易业务使用本币结算支付工具和平台的对话。那么这里头还提到了,在联合国教科文组织中的合作,提到了在20国集团当中的合作,提到了在亚太经合组织下的合作。

M | 这里头包括“核不扩散”,禁止生物武器,禁止化学武器等方面的国际合作。提到了在反恐方面的国家立场与合作,提到了人工智能、信息安全、生物多样性、气候变化、海洋污染等等多方面的态度和立场。其中包括双方对日本向海洋排放福岛核污染水表示严重关切,要求日本以负责任方式安全处置福岛核污染水,接受严格国际监测,尊重有关国家开展独立监测的要求。

N | 第十章讲的是,关于当今国际热点和地区的立场及态度。这里头涉及了,美国人搞“小院高墙”,挑动地区紧张局势,鼓吹阵营对抗。提到了美国的印太战略,英美澳三边的“奥库斯”。提到支持中国和东盟国家,共同维护南海和平稳定。
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